glaciers form due to 4 factors
latitude is the distance from the equator measured in degrees.glaciers usually form between 60 and 90 degrees.these areas get less sun so they are colder.ice sheets and ice caps form between these latitudes because the conditions are perfect for glaciers.
altitude: is the height of a point above sea level. temperatires decline with altitude because air becomes thinner and so is less able to absorb heat. the higher up the colder the temperatures this means there will be more imputs into the glacier such as snow and ice.so this is why most glaciers are high up.
continentiality: is the degree to which the climate of a region typifies that of the interior of a large landmass. this means inland areas are cooler at night and in the winter.so asia has glaciers inland because land masses lose heat energy quickly.
ocean currents; where cold water passes the continents it brings colder weather conditions. Britain does not have glaciers because it is warmed by water coming from the gulf of Mexico.Countries like Canada have glaciers because it is surrounded from cold water from the arctic.